In a large bowl, combine the corn, flour, baking powder, salt, and black pepper. Mix well to combine.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the milk and egg until smooth.
Pour the milk mixture into the dry ingredients and stir until just combined. Fold in the cheddar cheese, Parmesan cheese, and chives if using.
Heat about 1/4 inch of vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium heat.
Once the oil is hot, drop spoonfuls of the batter into the skillet, flattening them slightly with the back of the spoon. Fry for about 3-4 minutes on each side or until golden brown.
Remove the fritters from the skillet and place them on a paper towel-lined plate to drain excess oil.
Serve warm with your favorite dipping sauce or sour cream.